HIV Replication 3D Medical Animation

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it is a very excellent animation which explains the hiv replication very clearly.
For free download of this video please visit my webpage

And other 3D animation videos visit

Regards,
Dr.Rufus

The Lyrics of this video is here

Targeting HIV replication

The replication of HIV 1 is a multi-stage process.

Each step is crucial to successful replication and is therefore a potential target of antiretroviral drugs.

Step one is the infection of a suitable host-cell, such as a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte.

Entry of HIV into the cell requires the presence of certain receptors on the cell surface, CD4 -- receptors and co-receptors such as CCR5 or CXCR4.

These receptors interact with protein-complexes, which are embedded in the viral envelope.

These complexes are composed of two glycoproteins:

an extracellular gp 120 and
a transmembrane gp 41

When HIV approaches the target cell gp120 binds to the CD4-receptors. This process is termed attachment.

It promotes further binding to a co-receptor. Co-receptor binding results in a conformational change in gp120.

This allows gp41 to unfold and insert its hydrophobic terminus into the cell membrane.

Gp 41 then folds back on itself.

This draws the virus towards the cell and facilitates the fusion of their membranes.

The viral nucleocapsid enters the host cell and breaks open releasing two viral RNA-strands and 3 essential replication enzymes:

Integrase, Protease and Reverse Transcriptase.

Reverse Transcriptase begins the reverse transcription of viral RNA.

It has two catalytic domains:

The Ribonuclease-H active site

And the polymerase active site

Here single stranded viral RNA is transcribed into an RNA-DNA double helix. Ribonuclease- H breaks down the RNA.

The polymerase then completes the remaining DNA-strand to form a DNA -- double helix.

Now Integrase goes into action.

It cleaves a dinucleotide from each 3-prime end of the DNA creating two sticky ends.

Integrase then transfers the DNA into the cell nucleus and facilitates its integration into the host cell genome.

The host cell genome now contains the genetic information of HIV.

Activation of the cell induces transcription of proviral DNA into messenger RNA.

The viral messenger RNA migrates into the cytoplasm where building blocks for a new virus are synthesised.

Some of them have to be processed by the viral protease.

Protease cleaves longer proteins into smaller core proteins.

This step is crucial to create an infectious virus.

Two viral RNA-strands and the replication enzymes then come together and core proteins assemble around them forming the capsid.

This immature particle leaves the cell acquiring a new envelope of host and viral proteins.

The virus matures and becomes ready to infect other cells.

HIV replicates billions of times per day destroying the hosts` immune cells and eventually causing disease progression.

Drugs which interfere with the key steps of viral replication can stop this fatal process.

Entry into the host cell can be blocked by fusion inhibitors for example.

Inhibition of reverse transcriptase by nucleoside inhibitors or by non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase- inhibitors is part of standard antiretroviral regimens.

The action of Integrase can be blocked.

Protease inhibitors are also part of standard antiretroviral therapy.

Each blocked step in viral replication is a step towards better control of HIV disease.


Script, Storyboard, Art Direction by: Frank Schauder, MD
Animation: MACKEVISION
Publicity: Dr.Rufus Rajadurai.M.D.,D.DENS.,

Channel: Education
Uploaded: March 3, 2007 at 9:08 pm
Author: drrufusrajadurai

Length: 00:05:13
Rating: 4.83
Views: 290136

Tags: hiv replication medical animation 3d aids virus dr rufus rajadurai ccr5 cxcr4 cd4

Video Comments:
hyodamhan (October 12, 2008 at 4:54 am)
awesome video! mannnn...but HIV is some scary shit..so sophisticated and complex.
LuminolBlue (October 12, 2008 at 1:53 am)
This is an amazing video, very well done. Thank you for sharing.
skitnerdig (October 9, 2008 at 10:00 pm)
wow, impressive stuff, so complex yet beautifully simple
mykoolaidtastesfunny (October 8, 2008 at 4:19 pm)
June 2008

Dr. Kevin de Cock of the World Health Organization: "[T]here will be no generalised epidemic of Aids in the heterosexual population outside Africa."

also see on the Guardian

"The exploitation of Aids"

The Aids scare was one of the most distorted, duplicitous and cynical public health panics of the last 30 years

also available on Aliveandwell . org
mykoolaidtastesfunny (October 8, 2008 at 4:20 pm)
google..

There Will Be No Heterosexual AIDS Epidemic, Experts Admit

It is official: AIDS is not explicable bysexual transmission, at least not outside of Sub-Saharan Africans, gay men, intravenous drug users and prostitutes.For the rest of us, there is no heterosexual AIDS pandemic, and further, there will be no heterosexual AIDS pandemic.

also google...."The Guinea Pig Kids"
"The Other Side of Aids"
Aliveandwell . org
Rethinkaids
Gallo's Egg
Helpforhiv
Deconstructing the Myth of Aids
Niheth (October 8, 2008 at 12:29 pm)
So perhaps the answer to halting the spread of HIV may not be drugs a cure or a vaccine but perhaps an adjustment to the human body, like an upgrade. Im not sure but can this only be done by means of genetic alteration before one is born? Or you still reprogramme the things in the body after birth?
Niheth (October 8, 2008 at 12:26 pm)
to artificially create those blocking stages on its own? I wonder if it is possible to create or reprogramme an organism to live in the human body and do that. Like building a living defensive, but it would have to be pretty strong, fast and in huge quantity to counter every HIV cell. Unless you could reprogramme CD4 T cells to reject the bondage of HIV in the first place therefore preventing cell infection where the HIV virus would simple die after swimming around aimlessly (continued)
Niheth (October 8, 2008 at 12:21 pm)
An interesting point here. As i was watching the video and learning how the whole process takes place i was thinking well could you not find ways to disrupt the three major steps. Well at the end of the video we find out that they do but it would be so much better if it was possible to disrupt to completely prevent each stage so that the virus could not multiple even once. But i guess that means being on anti retro viral drugs for your whole life but what if you could enable the body (continued)
drrufusrajadurai (October 8, 2008 at 12:53 am)
thanks a lot for your comments and rating.have a great day
drrufusrajadurai (October 8, 2008 at 12:52 am)
thank you very much for your comment.hav a nice day